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Category: 2nd year guess paper

  • 2nd year Computer guess paper

    2nd year Computer guess papers 2024 Punjab Board

    You are trying to get 12th class Computer estimation paper 2024 in urdu and Computer medium then you are on right website. We have uploaded the best quality estimate paper of class 12th Computers in both media.  Our useful Computer 12th class estimation paper is valid for all Punjab boards. including BISE Faisalabad, BISE Lahore, BISE Gujranwala, BISE Dera Ghazi Khan (DG Khan), BISE Sargodha, BISE Sahiwal, BISE Multan and BISE Jammu Kashmir. Many students practice Computer Guess Paper 2024 by FAIZ UL ISLAM and get good grades in the exam.

    Unit 1

    1.Describe data manipulations
    2.What is a field?
    3.Define program file with example
    4.Define program organization. Name different types of file organization.
    5.Differentiate between data and information.
    6.Define data processing.
    7.Define redundancy.
    8.Name two features of DBMS.

    Unit 2

    1.What are properties of relation?
    2.Define indexes.
    3.Define foreign key.
    4.Define key. List different types of keys.
    5.Define data administration.
    6.Define table /relation
    7.How a relation is formed in database?
    8.What is an entity in an ERD.
    9.Who is user or end user?
    10.What is the purpose of using views?

    Unit 3

    1.Define and attribute.
    2.Define data modeling.
    3.Define the purpose of feasibility study.
    4.What is E-R diagram?

    Unit 4

    1.Transitive dependency.
    2.Define entity.
    2.Define integrity.
    4.Synonyms
    5.Database integrity.
    6.Partial dependency

    Unit 5

    1.RDBMS
    2.Differentiae between form and report
    3.Database wizard/sample database
    4.How query is written
    5.Uses of MS Access
    6.Reports
    7.Enlist the parts of application window in MS Access.
    8.List some advantages of IDE

    Unit 6

    1.List some advantages of IDEPrimary key
    2.What is the use of data sheet views in MS Access?
    3.Cardinality of relation
    4.Degree of relation
    5.Write down two table vies available in Access.

    Unit 7

    1.Sub form
    2.Uses of columnar forms
    3.Purpose of control naming convention
    4.Syntax of msg box
    5.What are methods in vb?
    6.Property window
    7.Code window
    8.Purpose of timer control
    9.Differentiate between key press and key up events
    10.Events of mouse
    11.Events of keyboard

    Unit 8

    1.Define programming language
    2.Case sensitive in C language
    3.Preprocessor directive
    4.Programmer
    5.Differentiate between logical errors and syntax errors
    6.Header files
    7.Compiler and assembler
    8.Differentiate between source code and object code
    9.Deli meters
    10.Run time errors
    11.Structured programming language
    12.Visual basic
    13.differentiate between visual programming and event driven programming language
    14.what is .net function
    15.what is VBA?

    Unit 9

    1.Define identifier with and example
    2.Differentiate between declaring and defining a variable
    3.Variables and two rules for naming variables
    4.Uses of assignment statement
    5.Operator precedent
    6.Define constant. List different types of constants
    7.Character constant
    8.Keywords
    9.Concatenation operator

    Unit 10

    1.Standard input
    2.Escape sequence
    3.Getche () function
    4.Uses of format specifier in C language
    5.Use of scanf function
    6.Clrscr function
    7.Predict the output…..
    8.Trace the error in following code
    9.List some important function for input

    Unit 11

    1.Control structure & selection structure
    2.Find output
    3.Explain if statement
    4.Find error…..
    5.Write syntax of if-else statement
    6.Why break statement is used in a switch () structure
    7.Switch statement

    Unit 12

    1.While loop
    2.Sentinel control loop
    3.Write syntax of for loop
    4.Write syntax of do while loop
    5.What is iteration?

    Unit 13

    1.Define function. List some benefits of using functions
    2.Local variables and its scope
    3.Compare local variables and global variables
    4.Function cell
    5.Actual parameters
    6.Build in functions
    7.Life time of local variables
    8.Function definition and function declaration/prototyping

    Unit 14

    1.Compare binary and text stream
    2.Binary system
    3.Text files
    4.File losed
    5.Describe project file in VB
    6.Project explorer window
    7.Differentiate between method and property

    (unit 1)

    1.Define database system. Explain any three components of database system.
    2.What is key? Discuss different types of keys.

    (unit 3)

    1.What is ER model? What are symbols used in ER diagram?
    2.Explain different types of relationships with details.

    (Unit 6)

    1.Explain different data types available in MS Access.
    2.Define query. Explain the uses of wildcards in queries with examples.
    3.Discuss different methods of modifying a table.
    4.What is field property ? discuss different field properties in details
    5.What is filter? Discuss different types of filters in MS Access.

    (unit 8)

    1.Briefly describe the basic structure of a C program.
    2.While writing a c program, how many types of errors ca occur? Which one is the most difficult to locate and remove
    3.How would you create, edit compile, link and execute a program?
    4.Define a language processor or translator. Discuss different types of language processors.

    (unit 11)

    1.Write a program that inputs a character and checks whether it is a wovel or consonantusing switch statement.
    2.Write a program that inputs a year and finds whether it is leap or not. Using if-else structure.
    3.Write a program that inputs a number and tells whether it is even or odd using if-else structure.

    (unit 12)


    1.What is while loop? Explain its working with an example and flow chart
    2.Whatis do-while loop. Write its syntax. Explain its working with example.
    3.What is nested loop? Explain with example and flowchart.
    4.What is for loop structure? Explain its working with example and flowchart.

    Using this estimation paper pdf will help you to understand what kind of questions might be asked and how to conduct your paper. This is my guess based on the recent syllabus of class 12th and all the past papers and exams in the last ten years.

    Computer Estimation Paper 2024 Class 12th PDF Download

    As a 12th grader, Computer is an important and compulsory subject for you. Computer science is a practical subject, and that is why it is considered a tough  12th class Computer to get high score in exam. This assessment paper is based on the new class 12h Computer syllabus.

    Our team has created this assessment paper in PDF format on student interest. 12th class Computer paper seems to be easy for any student to pass. You can understand the nature of the paper by reviewing the 12th grade Computer estimation paper. We have also uploaded the 12th grade Computer matching program. You can download and prepare them to get high score in board exams. The schedule link is given below or you can search on our website. Please let us know if you find any errors.

  • 2nd year English guess paper

    2nd year English guess papers 2024 Punjab Board

    You are trying to get 12th class English estimation paper 2024 in urdu and english medium then you are on right website. We have uploaded the best quality estimate paper of class 12th Englishs in both media.  Our useful English 12th class estimation paper is valid for all Punjab boards. including BISE Faisalabad, BISE Lahore, BISE Gujranwala, BISE Dera Ghazi Khan (DG Khan), BISE Sargodha, BISE Sahiwal, BISE Multan and BISE Jammu Kashmir. Many students practice English Guess Paper 2024 by FAIZ UL ISLAM and get good grades in the exam.

    Lesson 1 (The Dying Sun)

    Q. 1 (How is it that a …….. )
    Q. 2 (What happened when …….. )
    Q. 3 (Why is there no life …….)
    Extra question 1 (What is planetary system?)
    Extra Question 2 (What are stars?)
    Extra Question 3 (What are planets and how did they come into existence?)
    Extra Question 4 (How did our earth come into existence?)

    Lesson 2 (Using the Scientific method)

    Q. 1 (How has the scientific method helped …….)
    Q.6. (How has the scientific method helped …….)

    Lesson 3 (Why boys fail in college)

    Q. 2 ( How does mistaken ambition …. )
    Q. 4 ( How does financial pressure ……. )
    Extra Questions 1 (What are two types of boy who fail in college?)

    Lesson 5 ( On Destroying books)

    All exercise questions

    Lesson 7 (My financial career)

    Q. 2 (Why did the manager come to think ……. )
    Q. 4 (What other blunders Leacock commit …… )
    Q. 5 (After misadventure in the bank …….. )

    Lesson 9 (Hunger and population explosion)

    Q. 1 ( What does hunger mean on ….. )
    Q. 4 ( What is main reason for ……. )
    Q. 8 (Why Is birth rate not so ……. )

    Lesson 11 (First year at Harrow)

    Q. 3 (Why did not Churchill do ….. )
    Q. 4 (How did Churchill do his …… ) OR How did Churchil perform in his entrance exams at Harrow?
    Q. 7 (In after years how did …… )
    Extra question 1 (Why did Churchill dislike examinations?)

    Lesson 14 (Luis Pasteur)

    Q. 2 (Give some instances of ……. )
    Q. 3 (What do you mean by ….. )
    Q. 4 (How did Pasteur prove that ….. )

    Lesson 15 (Mustafa Kamal)

    Q. 4 (Write a note on Mustafa Kamal’s ….. )
    Q. 1 (What was the attitude of ….. )
    Goodbye Mr. Chips important Chapters

    Using this estimation paper pdf will help you to understand what kind of questions might be asked and how to conduct your paper. This is my guess based on the recent syllabus of class 12th and all the past papers and exams in the last ten years.

    English Estimation Paper 2024 Class 12th PDF Download

    As a 12th grader, English is an important and compulsory subject for you. English science is a practical subject, and that is why it is considered a tough  12th class English to get high score in exam. This assessment paper is based on the new class 12h English syllabus.

    Our team has created this assessment paper in PDF format on student interest. 12th class English paper seems to be easy for any student to pass. You can understand the nature of the paper by reviewing the 12th grade English estimation paper. We have also uploaded the 12th grade English matching program. You can download and prepare them to get high score in board exams. The schedule link is given below or you can search on our website. Please let us know if you find any errors.

  • 2nd year Biology guess paper

    2nd year Biology guess papers 2024 Punjab Board

    You are trying to get 12th class Biology estimation paper 2024 in urdu and Biology medium then you are on right website. We have uploaded the best quality estimate paper of class 12th Biologys in both media.  Our useful Biology 12th class estimation paper is valid for all Punjab boards. including BISE Faisalabad, BISE Lahore, BISE Gujranwala, BISE Dera Ghazi Khan (DG Khan), BISE Sargodha, BISE Sahiwal, BISE Multan and BISE Jammu Kashmir. Many students practice Biology Guess Paper 2024 by FAIZ UL ISLAM and get good grades in the exam.

    Chapter 15

    Important Short questions
    1. Define homeostasis with examples.
    2. What are heat shock proteins?
    3. What is hypertonic and hypotonic environment and what changes occur in cell in this environment?
    4. Differentiate between osmoconformers and osmoregulators.
    5. Differentiate between active flight and passive flight.
    6. Differentiate between shivering thermogenesis and non-shivering thermogenesis.
    7. Define endotherms, ectotherms and heterotherms.
    8. Write four adaptations of xerophytes and hydrophytes and mesophytes.
    9. Differentiate between fibres and sclereides.
    10. Differentiate between afferent and efferent arterioles.
    11. Define lithotripsy.
    12. What is haemodialysis? Give its importance.
    13. What is foramen triosium? How is it formed?
    14. What is renal failure?
    15. Differentiate between ureotelic and urecotelic animals.
    16. Define anhydrobiosis with an example.
    17. What is hyproxaluria?
    18. Differentiate between photonasty and thermonasty.
    19. Define phototactic and chemotactic movements with examples.

    Important Long Questions

    1. Discuss excretion in Plants.
    2. Discuss Kidney disorders with treatment.
    3. Discuss the role of liver as an excretory organ.
    4. Discuss the system of thermoregulation in mammals.

    Chapter 16

    Important Short Questions
    1. Differentiate between bone and cartilage.
    2. Name the unpaired facial bones.
    3. Differentiate between epical, lateral and intercalary meristems.
    4. What is blastoderm? Name its layers.
    5. What is hematoma formation?
    6. How callus is formed?
    7. What is a synovial joint?
    8. Give composition of exoskeleton in molluscs and arthropods.
    9. Differentiate between hyaline and fibro cartilage.
    10. What is sciatica and its causes?
    11. Differentiate between effective and recovery strokes?
    12. What is non-disjunction? Give its effects.
    13. What is rickets? Give its causes and treatment.
    14. Differentiate between tendons and ligaments.
    15. What are the internal factors which affect the process of growth?
    16. What is secondary growth? Give its importance.
    17. What are brnachialis and branchioradialis?

    Important Long Questions

    1. What is endoskeleton? Describe bone and cartilage.
    2. Describe the significance of secondary growth in plants. Phases of plants growth.
    3. Give a detailed note on sliding filament model.
    4. Explain the main parts of axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton.
    5. Explain different types of joints.

    Chapter 17

    Important Short Questions
    1. What are effectors? Give their types.
    2. Name only types of innate behaviour.
    3. Differentiate between neurula and neurocoel.
    4. Define primary organizer and primary induction.
    5. Draw and label sensory neuron.
    6. Define reflex arc.
    7. Differentiate between nerves and ganglia.
    8. What is salutatory impulse?
    9. What is effects of nicotine on coordination?
    10. What is chlorosis?
    11. What is a hormone? List its type.
    12. Define habituation with an example.
    13. Give functions of parathyroid gland and adrenal gland.
    14. What is Alzheimer’s disease?

    Important Long Questions

    1. Nervous system of hydra is better developed than that of planaria. Discuss.
    2. Explain the structure and functions of human brain with diagram.
    3. Write a note on adrenal gland.
    4. How nerve impulse is produced? Explain its mechanism with diagram?

    Chapter 18

    Important Short Questions
    1. Differentiate between sexual and asexual reproduction.
    2. Define parthenocarpy. Give examples.
    3. What is seed dormancy? Give its importance.
    4. What is photoperiodism? Give its effects on plants.
    5. Define vernalisation. Write its two advantages.
    6. Define tissue culture and cloning with examples.
    7. Differentiate between identical and fraternal twins.
    8. Differentiate between oviparous and viviparous.
    9. Define menstrual cycle, oestrous cycle and menopause.
    10. What is diploid parthenogenesis?
    11. What is structure and function of corpus leuteum?
    12. Name STDs with their relative causative agents.
    13. Define apormixis.
    14. Defined haploid and diploid parthenogenesis?
    15. What is ovulation?

    Important Long Questions

    1. Explain the female menstrual cycle.
    2. Explain the male reproductive system of man.
    3. Compare asexual reproduction with sexual reproduction.
    4. Elaborate the functions of placenta during pregnancy.

    Chapter 19

    Important Short Questions
    1. Differentiate between growth and development.
    2. Differentiate between epical, lateral and intercalary meristems.
    3. Write three signs of aging.
    4. Give two causes of abnormal development.
    5. What is blastoderm? Name its layers.
    6. What are the internal factors which affect the process of growth.
    7. What is discoidal cleavage.
    8. Differentiate between neurula and neurocoel.
    9. What is organogenesis?
    10. Define regeneration with example.
    11. What is meristem ?
    12. What do you know about open growth?
    13. Differentiate between morulla and blastolua stage in the development of chick.
    14. What is basic difference between chick and amphibian embryo?
    15. Define correlation?
    16. Define hypoblast and epiblast?
    17. Describe the role of cytoplasm in development?
    18. What is meant by differentiation?

    Important Long Questions

    1. Write a note on development of chick.
    2. Describe the signs and causes of abnormal development.
    3. Explain internal and external factors of growth.
    4. Explain the phases of growth in plants.

    Chapter 20

    Important Short Questions
    1. Define recombinant DNA. Role of lambda phage.
    2. What is anticodon?
    3. What is karyotype?
    4. Write 3 major classes of RNA
    5. What is mutation?
    6. Where does DNA replication start on the DNA molecule?
    7. Define transformation process?
    8. Define chromosomes and nucleosome?
    9. Define semi-conservative replication?
    10. Explain sex limited traits.
    11. What is phosphodiester linkage?
    12. Write the main component of DNA.
    13. Define point mutation and chromosomal aberration.
    14. What are Okazaki fragments? Give their length.
    15. Differentiate between transcription and translation?

    Important Long Questions

    1. Describe DNA as Hereditary material in details?
    2. Explain the works of Meselson and Stahi in DNA study.
    3. What are chromosomes? What do you know about their types.
    4. Explain Watson and Crick model of DNA.

    Chapter 21

    Important Short Questions
    1. What is non-disjunction? Give its effects?
    2. Define cell cycle. Give its phases.
    3. How cytokinesis occur in animals and plants
    4. What is mitotic apparatus? Give its functions.
    5. Explain homologous and analogous organs.
    6. Give importance of mitosis/meiosis.
    7. What is metastasis? Write its importance.
    8. Differentiate between apoptosis and necrosis.
    9. Write the symptoms and causes of Down’s syndrome?
    10. What is Turner’s syndrome? Give its causes and feature.
    11. Define crossing over.
    12. What is meant by G0 phase?
    13. How prophase of meiosis differ from that of mitosis?
    14. What is chiasmata?
    15. What is interphase? Why is it called resting phase?

    Chapter 22

    Important Short Questions
    1. Define euchromatin.
    2. What is cretinism?
    3. Describe gonorrhoea.
    4. What is transformation?
    5. What is allele and gene and gene pool and gene frequency?
    6. What is over dominance and co-dominance?
    7. What is genetic drift? Genetic code. Fixed alleles.
    8. Name any four animals declared extinct in Pakistan.
    9. Define homozygous and heterozygous alleles.
    10. What is Epistasis? What is Bombay Phenotype? Dominance?
    11. Differentiate between genotype and phenotype.
    12. What is totipotency and totipotent cell?
    13. What is true breeding variety?
    14. What is meant by MODY?

    Important Long Questions

    1. Explain epistasis with an example of Bombay phenotype.
    2. Define and explain Mendel’s Law of segregation.
    3. What is incomplete dominance? Explain with an example.
    4. Explain the phenomenon of gene linkage regarding linkage groups.

    Chapter 23

    Important Short Questions
    1. Define biotechnology. Give its applications.
    2. Differentiate between molecular scissors and molecular vectors.
    3. Give two requirement to produce recombinant DNA.
    4. Explain and give examples of ex vivo and in vivo gene therapies in humans.
    5. What are transgenic plants?
    6. Give three possible ways to get the gene of interest.
    7. Give two goals of human genome project.
    8. What is probe? Give its uses.
    9. Define genomic library.

    Chapter 24

    Important Short Questions
    1. How artificial selection is different from natural selection.
    2. State theory of special creation.
    3. Name any four animals declared extinct in Pakistan.
    4. Define neo Darwinism/modern synthesis?
    5. Define population genetics.
    6. What are hydrothermal vents? How do they support life?
    7. What are vestigial organs? Name some important vestigial organs of man.
    8. Define fossils? How do they provide evidence of evolution?
    9. What are endangered and threatened species? Give some examples.
    10. What is Hardy-Weinberg theorem? Give its equation.
    11. Differentiate between homologous and analogous organs.
    12. State endosymbiont hypothesis.

    Important Long Questions

    1. Discuss evolution from prokaryotes to eukaryotes.
    2. Describe the evidences of evolution various branches of biology like biogeography and fossil study.
    3. Explain Darwin’s theory of natural selection.

    Chapter 25

    Important Short Questions
    1. Write down the types of living organisms found in limnetic zone.
    2. Differentiate between climate and weather.
    3. Define renewable and non renewable resources.
    4. Define ecosystem, biosphere and biome.
    5. Differentiate between population and community with examples.
    6. Differentiate between synecology and autecology.
    7. What is predation? Give its significance.
    8. Define parasitism and commensalism.
    9. Define food chain and food web.
    10. Differentiate between habitat and niche.
    11. Differentiate between consumers and decomposers.
    12. Differentiate between hydrosere and xerosere.
    13. Differentiate between primary succession and secondary succession.

    Important long questions

    1. Write a note on nitrogen cycle.
    2. Explain the biotic components of an ecosystem.
    3. Explain xerosere succession stages.
    4. Explain the flow of energy in a food chain.

    Chapter 27

    Important Short Questions
    1. Define deforestation and afforestation.
    2. What is ozone layer? Give its important function in environment.
    3. Define water pollution and acid rain.
    4. Write a brief note on non-renewable energy resources.
    5. Explain causes and effects of ozone depletion.
    6. Give main causes/sources of water pollution.
    7. What is solid waste? Give its importance.
    8. Define greenhouse effect. Give its effects on environment.
    9. Trees as environmental buffers.

    Important long questions

    1. Describe deforestation and its effects.
    2. Write a note on: a)ozone depletion b)greenhouse effect
    3. Explain the importance of forests/trees
    4. Briefly explain and causes and effects of air pollution.

    Using this estimation paper pdf will help you to understand what kind of questions might be asked and how to conduct your paper. This is my guess based on the recent syllabus of class 12th and all the past papers and exams in the last ten years.

    Biology Estimation Paper 2024 Class 12th PDF Download

    As a 12th grader, Biology is an important and compulsory subject for you. Biology science is a practical subject, and that is why it is considered a tough  12th class Biology to get high score in exam. This assessment paper is based on the new class 12h Biology syllabus.

    Our team has created this assessment paper in PDF format on student interest. 12th class Biology paper seems to be easy for any student to pass. You can understand the nature of the paper by reviewing the 12th grade Biology estimation paper. We have also uploaded the 12th grade Biology matching program. You can download and prepare them to get high score in board exams. The schedule link is given below or you can search on our website. Please let us know if you find any errors.

  • 2nd year Physics guess paper

    2nd year Physics guess papers 2024 Punjab Board

    You are trying to get 12th class Physics estimation paper 2024 in urdu and Physics medium then you are on right website. We have uploaded the best quality estimate paper of class 12th Physicss in both media.  Our useful Physics 12th class estimation paper is valid for all Punjab boards. including BISE Faisalabad, BISE Lahore, BISE Gujranwala, BISE Dera Ghazi Khan (DG Khan), BISE Sargodha, BISE Sahiwal, BISE Multan and BISE Jammu Kashmir. Many students practice Physics Guess Paper 2024 by FAIZ UL ISLAM and get good grades in the exam.

    Important Short Questions

    All chapters Questions

    1. Why are heavy nuclei unstable?
    2. A particle which produces more ionization is less penetrating. Why?
    3. What factors make a fusion reaction difficult to achieve?
    4. Give two uses of radioactivity in medicine.
    5. What is meant by background radiations? Give its sources.
    6. Distinguish between nucleon number and atomic number.
    7. What is meant by half-life?
    8. Describe a brief account of interaction of various types of radiations with matter.
    9. Is energy conserved when an atom emits a photon of light?
    10. What do we mean when we say that the atom is excited?
    11. What are the advantages of laser over ordinary light?
    12. What is the speed of an electron in the first Bohr orbit?
    13. Give characteristics of X-rays.
    14. What is meant by spontaneous emission?
    15. Explain why laser action could not occur without population inversion between atomic levels.
    16. Define the following: a. Band spectra b. Line spectra c. Spectroscopy
    17. We do not notice he de Broglie wavelength for a pitched cricket ball. Explain why?
    18. When does light behave as a wave? When does it behave as a particle?
    19. What is threshold frequency?
    20. Is it possible to create a single electron from energy?
    21. What are the advantages of an electron microscope over an optical microscope?
    22. What is the minimum energy required to eject an electron from the metal surface?
    23. What is meant by inertial and non inertial frames of reference?
    24. Why don’t we observe the Compton Effect with visible light?
    25. What is uncertainty principle
    26. What is the net charge on an n-type or p-type substance?
    27. Why ordinary silicone diodes do not emit light?
    28. Distinguish between intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductor.
    29. Why is the base current in a transistor very small?
    30. Calculate the output of the op-amp circuit shown in the figure.
    31. Define rectification and draw a circuit diagram for half wave rectifier.
    32. The inputs of a gate are 1 and 0. Identify the gate is its output is (a) 0, (b) 1.
    33. What is an operational amplifier? Give its characteristics.
    34. What is meant by forward biased and reverse biased?
    35. Distinguish between polymeric, crystalline and amorphous solids.
    36. What is meant by strain energy? How can it be determined from the force-extension graph?
    37. Define the following: (i) strain (ii) stress (iii) superconductor.
    38. What is meant by para, dia and ferromagnetic substances? Give example of each.
    39. A 1.5 cm diameter cylinder is subjected to a load of 2500 kg. Calculate the stress on the bar in mega Pascal.
    40. Differentiate between intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors. How will you obtain n-type and p-type semiconductors from silicon?
    41. What is meant by hysteresis loss? How is it used in the construction of a transformer?
    42. What is meant by compressive deformation?
    43. Define modulus elasticity.[1]
    44. Why D.C cannot flow through a capacitor?
    45.What is meant by A.M and F.M?
    46. Define the following: (i) inductor (ii) choke (iii) impedance.
    47. How does doubling the frequency affect the working of inductor and capacitor?
    48. Differentiate between amplitude modulation and frequency modulation.
    49. When 10 V is applied to an A.C circuit the current flowing in it is 100 mA. Find its impedance.
    50. In A.C the power P= I2R= VI= in what circumstances it hold true?
    51. What is the main advantage of three phase supply?
    52. How many times per second will an incandescent lamp reach maximum brilliance when 53. connected to 50 Hz source?
    54. Define lenz’s law and give its expression.
    55. Define motional emf and give its expression.
    56. Show that the have the same units.
    57. Can a D.C motor be turned into D.C generator? How?
    58. Write the cause of power dissipation in transformers.
    59. Define self induction and mutual induction. Give their units.
    60. How efficiency of a transformer can be improved?
    61. What is the relation between back emf of motors and current?
    62. Why the motor draws more current when it is overloaded?
    63. How the electron beam is generated in CRO?
    64. Why does the picture on a TV screen become distorted when a magnet is brought near it?
    65. Why the charge particle is projected to the perpendicular to the magnetic field?
    66. What is deflecting couple? How is it used?
    67. A charge particle moves in a straight line through some region of space, is the magnetic field in region zero?
    78. Give two functions of AVO meter?
    69. Why the resistance of ammeter should be very low?
    70. What is the current sensitivity of a galvanometer?
    71. What is shunt resistance?
    72. Do bends in a wire affect its electrical resistance?
    73. What is drift velocity?
    74. Why potentiometer is an accurate measuring instrument?
    75. What is the principle of Wheatstone bridge?
    76. What are the negative coefficients of temperature?
    77. Why does the resistance of a conductor rise with temperature?
    78. Describe the circuit which will give continuously varying current.
    79. Why the resistance of voltmeter should be high?
    80. Write the difference between emf and potential difference.
    81. State Coulomb’s Law.
    82. Write the properties of electric field lines.
    83. What is a capacitor? Also define capacitance and its SI unit.
    84. Define electron volt and electric potential.
    85. Electric lines of forces never cross. Why?
    86. State Gauss’s law and give its expression.
    87. Write two differences between gravitational force and Coulomb’s electrostatic force.
    88. How can you identify which plate of capacitor is positively charged?

    Important Long Questions and Numericals

    1. What is electric field? Find the electric field intensity due to an infinite sheet of charge.
    2. Find electric potential at a point due to a point charge
    3. Write a note on Wheatstone bridge.
    4. Define electric power. Derive an expression for the power dissipated in a resistor.
    5. What is voltmeter? How galvanometer is converted into voltmeter?
    6. A power line 100m high carries a current 200A. Find the magnetic field of the wire at the ground.
    7. A solenoid 15.0 cm long has 300 turns of wire. A current of 5.0A flows through it. What is the magnitude of magnetic field inside the solenoid?
    8. Describe the principle, construction and working of a galvanometer.
    9. An ideal stepdown transformer is connected to main supply of 240 v. It is desired to operate a 12v, 30 watt lamp. Find the current in the primary and transformational ratio.
    10. Describe the principle, construction and working of a D.C generator.
    11. A solenoid has 250 turns and its self inductance is 204 mH. What is the flux through each turn when the current is 2 A. What is the induced emf when current changes at 20 A s-1?
    12. Derive and expression for the energy stored in an inductor and also for the energy density.
    13. Find the value of the current flowing through a capacitance 0.5 uF when connected to a source
    of 150 V at 50 Hz.
    14. Describe A.C through and inductor.
    15. Describe series and parallel resonance circuits?
    16. A 1.0 m copper wire is subjected to stretching force and its length increases by 20 cm. Calculate the tensile strain and the percent elongation which the wire undergoes.
    17. Explain the magnetic properties of solids.
    18. Explain the mechanical properties of solids?
    19. What are semi-conductors? Discuss the formation of P-type and N-type materials with a diagram.
    20. What is operational amplifier? Discuss operational amplifier as inverting amplifier. Calculate its gain.
    21. Calculate the gain of an amplifier in which collector resistance RC is 5kΩ. The input resistance between the bas and emitter of a typical resistor is 2.5 kΩ and value of its β = 100.
    22. Discuss the structure and working of electron microscope.
    23. Write a note on photoelectric effect.
    24. What is the mass of a 70 kg man in a space rocket travelling at 0.8 C from us as measured from the earth?
    25. An electron is accelerated through a potential difference of 50 V. Calculate de Broglie wavelengths.
    26. What the energies in eV of quanta of wavelength? ƛ = 400, 500, 700 nm.
    27. Describe Bohr’s postulates of hydrogen atom.
    28. Give the uses of laser in medicine and industry.
    29. Explain the working principle of laser.
    30. Define isotopes and describe mass spectrograph to separate different isotopes of an element.
    31. Radiations from a point obey the inverse square law. If the count rate at a distance of 1.0 m from 32.
    32. Geiger counter is 360 counts per minute, what will be its count rate at 3.0 meter from the source?
    33. Describe Wilson cloud chamber to detect radiation.

    Using this estimation paper pdf will help you to understand what kind of questions might be asked and how to conduct your paper. This is my guess based on the recent syllabus of class 12th and all the past papers and exams in the last ten years.

    Physics Estimation Paper 2024 Class 12th PDF Download

    As a 12th grader, Physics is an important and compulsory subject for you. Physics science is a practical subject, and that is why it is considered a tough  12th class Physics to get high score in exam. This assessment paper is based on the new class 12h Physics syllabus.

    Our team has created this assessment paper in PDF format on student interest. 12th class Physics paper seems to be easy for any student to pass. You can understand the nature of the paper by reviewing the 12th grade Physics estimation paper. We have also uploaded the 12th grade Physics matching program. You can download and prepare them to get high score in board exams. The schedule link is given below or you can search on our website. Please let us know if you find any errors.

  • 2nd year chemistry guess paper

    2nd year chemistry guess papers 2024 Punjab Board

    You are trying to get 12th class Chemistry estimation paper 2024 in urdu and english medium then you are on right website. We have uploaded the best quality estimate paper of class 12th Chemistrys in both media.  Our useful Chemistry 12th class estimation paper is valid for all Punjab boards. including BISE Faisalabad, BISE Lahore, BISE Gujranwala, BISE Dera Ghazi Khan (DG Khan), BISE Sargodha, BISE Sahiwal, BISE Multan and BISE Jammu Kashmir. Many students practice Chemistry Guess Paper 2024 by FAIZ UL ISLAM and get good grades in the exam.

    Chapter 1

    Important short questions
    1. Why metals are good conductors?
    2. Define hydration energy with examples.
    3. Diamond is a non-conductor but graphite is good conductor. Why?
    4. Ionization energy increases from left to right in a period. Justify.
    5. How does hydrogen resemble with group IV-A elements.
    6. Why oxidation number of noble gases is usually zero?
    7. What is electron affinity? Give its trend in periodic table.
    8. Justify the position of hydrogen at the top of group VII-A elements.
    9. Give reasons that hydration energy of Al3+ ions more than Mg2+ ion?
    10. Give differences of lithium from its own family members.
    11. Why the size of an anion is always greater than its parent atom?
    12. Name various classes of hydrides.
    13. Why metallic character increases from top to bottom in a group of metals?
    14. Alkali metals give ionic hydrides. Why?
    15. Give four uses of nitric acid.

    Important long questions
    1. Give trends of metallic character in groups and periods and discuss the impact of atomic size on it.
    2. Explain the term periodic table and discuss the improvements made in Mendeleeve’s periodic table.
    3. What are hydrides? Discuss their classification and properties.

    Chapter 2

    Important short questions
    1. How does hydrogen resemble with alkali metals?
    2. Write formula of borax and Chile saltpetre.
    3. Give formula of natron and halite.
    4. How will you distinguish between ethanol and propanol.
    5. Give two similar properties of lithium and magnesium.
    6. Write chemical formula of Beryl and Barite.
    7. What are two major problems faced during the working of diaphragm cell?
    8. Why Down’s cell is preferable method for the preparation of sodium on large scale?
    9. Give formula of (i). Dolomite (ii.) Asbestos
    10. What reaction occur when (i). Lithium carbonate is heated (ii). Sodium bicarbonate is heated

    Important long questions
    1. Discuss the preparation of sodium hydroxide on commercial scale by diaphragm cell or Nelson’s cell.
    2. Describe the process of sodium metal manufacturing by Down’s cell.
    3. Complete and balance the following equations
    i. Li2O + H2O ii. Na2O + H2O iii. Mg + (OH)2 iv. NaNO3

    Chapter 3

    Important short questions
    1. Write four uses of Borax.
    2. What is borax bread test?
    3. How is Borax used an water softening agent?
    4. Why are borate glazes preferred over silicate glazes?
    5. Give any four uses of aluminium in our daily life.
    6. Give two similarities between carbon and silicate.
    7. Give reaction of P2O5 with cold and hot water
    8. The aqueous solution of borax is alkaline. Give reason.
    9. What is carbonization?
    10. Explain the structure of CO2.
    11. Write two uses of sodium silicate.
    12. How borax can be prepared from colemanite? Give equation
    13. Write names and formulas of oxyacids of nitrogen.

    Important long questions
    1. Write a note on aluminum silicate.
    2. Write a method for preparation of water glass. Also, write uses of water glass.
    3. How will you convert boric acid into borax and vice versa.

    Chapter 6

    Important short questions
    1. All exercise short questions.

    Important long questions
    1. Write a note : i) Binding energy ii) Paramagnetism.
    2. Explain the following properties for transition element. I) Paramagnetic ii) Colour

    Chapter 7

    Important Short Questions
    1. What is meant by organic chemistry?
    2. What are homocyclic and heterocyclic compounds? Give examples.
    3. Why is ethene an important industrial element?
    4. Define isomers. Write the names of its four types.
    5. What is meant by a functional group? Name typical functional groups containing oxygen.
    6. Define thermal cracking and steam cracking.
    7. What is meant by catenation? Give examples.
    8. What is meant by cis-trans isomerism?
    9. Define tautomerism and give example.
    10. Define alicyclic and aromatic compounds.
    11. What is petroleum? Give its origin.
    12. Why is ethene an important industrial chemical?
    13. What is coal tar? Give its fractions.
    14. How will you define octane number? How it can be improved?
    15. What is iodized salt?
    16. Write the structural formula of two possible isomers of C4H10.
    17. Describe important sources of organic compounds.
    18. What is catalytic cracking?

    Important long questions
    1. What is orbital hybridization? Explain , , and mode of hybridization
    2. Describe the important sources of organic compounds.
    3. Define Isomerism. Explain its types.
    4. Write down the process of cracking of petroleum.

    Chapter 8

    Important short questions
    1. How do you distinguish between ethane and ethyne?.
    2. Why the π bond is more reactive than ϭ bond?
    3. Convert 1-butene to 1-butyne.
    4. Give fours uses of methane.
    5. Synthesize i.benzene ii. Oxalic acid from ethyne.
    6. Convert ethene into ethylalcohol?
    7. What is Markonikov’s rule?
    8. Write a note on acidity of ethene?
    9. Convert methane into formic acid.
    10. What is Raney-Nickel? Give its uses.
    11. Alkanes are less reactive than alkenes. Comment.
    12. Convert ethyne into acetaldehyde.
    13. How cis and trans alkenes are produced? Give reactions.
    14. Convert ethene into ethylalcohol?
    15. What is hydrogenolysis?
    16. What is Baeyer’s Test? Give its uses

    Important Long questions
    1. Describe with examples the acidic nature of alkynes?
    2. Give comparison of reactivity of alkanes, alkenes and alkynes.
    3. Prepare Ethane from Kolbe’s Electrolytic method. Write down it mechanism.
    4. Give the chemical reactions of ethene with:
    (i) O2 in the presence of Ag2O (ii) Conc. H2SO4 (iii) S2Cl2 (iv) HOCl.

    Chapter 9

    Important short questions
    1. Briefly describe x-ray studies of benzene structure.
    2. Define electrophile. Give two examples.
    3. Give reaction of benzene with ozone.(ozonolysis)
    4. How benzene is converted into maleic acid by catalytic oxidation?
    5. What are aromatic compounds?
    6. Why benzene is less reactive than alkene?
    7. What is Wurts Fitting reaction? Give its importance.
    8. Give two oxidation reactions of benzene.
    9. What are fused rings aromatic compounds?
    10. Give reaction of benzene with SO3.
    11. Prepare benzene from i. n-Hexane ii. Sodium benzoate
    12. Give the mechanism of nitration of Benzene.
    13. Give reactivity of benzene towards electrophiles.
    14. Show Benzene’s cyclic structure with diagram.
    15. Define aromatization.

    Important long questions
    1. Convert Benzene into:
    i) Cyclohexane ii) Maleic acid iii) Glyoxal iv) Benzene sulphonic acid
    2. What are Friedel-Crafts reactions? Explain mechanism of alkylation and acylation of benzene
    3. Write any four chemical methods for the preparation of benzene.
    4. Give reactions of benzene with respect to (i) nitration (ii) sulphonation

    Chapter 10

    Important Short Questions
    1. Prepare (i) ethyl bio alcohol (ii) ethyl acetate from ethyl bromide.
    2. What are primary, secondary and tertiary alkyl halides? Give example of each.
    3. Explain Markownikov’s rule with suitable example.
    4. Starting from C2H4Br how will you prepare ethane and ethene?
    5. Explain the following reaction: CH4 CH3CH2COOH.
    6. How do you compare SN1 and SN2 mechanism?
    7. How do we get alkyl nitriles from Grignard’s reagent?
    8. What are elimination reactions? Give an example of E1 reaction.
    9. What is Grignard reagent?
    10. What are Alkyl halides? Give their general formula.
    11. What are types of nucleophilic substitution reaction?
    12. Convert ethyl alcohol into their respective halides by using PCl3 and PI5
    13. What is Wurtz synthesis?
    14. What is Grignard reagent?

    Important Long Questions
    1. Describe SN2 reaction of alkyl halides with details.
    2. Explain the mechanism of nucleophilic substitution reaction.
    3. Describe β elimination reaction E2 with example.
    4. How the presence of double bond can be detected by using Baeyre’s reagent?

    Chapter 11

    Important short questions
    1. Convert methanol into ethanol
    2. Differentiate between primary and secondary alcohols.
    3. Write structural formula of a)carbolic acid b)glycerol
    4. What are rectified spirit, commercial alcohol and absolute alcohol?
    5. Why water has higher boiling point than ethanol?
    6. Convert methanol into ethanol and acetone into ethyle alcohol.
    7. What is Lucas test?
    8. Give the uses of ethyle alcohols and methyl alcohols.
    9. Ethyl alcohol is liquid while methyl chloride is a gas. Why?
    10. Write the names and formulas of two polyhydric alcohols.
    11. Define fermentation. Give its conditions.
    12. Absolute alcohols cannot be prepared by fermentation. Why?
    13. What is wood-spirit? How is it prepared from water gas?
    14. Write equation for the reaction of C2H5OH with PBr3, PCI5

    Important Long Questions
    1. How alcohols are prepared? Give their properties and uses.
    2. What is either? Give its reactions.
    3. Explain the following properties with reference to phenol: i) Esterification ii)sulphonation

    Chapter 12

    Skip this chapter

    Chapter 13

    Important Short questions
    1. What are peptides and peptide linkage?
    2. What is ninhydrin test?
    3. What are aromatic carboxylic acids?
    4. Give the mechanism for the esterification of the carboxylic acids.
    5. What are essential and non-essential amino acids?
    6. Name five dicarboxylic acids and give their formulas.
    7. What is strecker’s synthesis?
    8. Give four uses of nitric acid.
    9. How carboxylic acid is converted into a-amino acids?
    10. Give four uses of acetic acid.
    11. How ethanol is converted into acetic acid and vice versa?
    12. Define proteins? How do they differ from polypeptides?
    13. What are fatty acids? Give examples.
    14. What are Zwitter ions? Give equation.
    15. How will you prepare acetic acid from ethynes?

    Chapter 14

    Important Short questions
    1. Define carbohydrates. Classify them and give example of each.
    2. What do you mean by rancidity of fats and oils?
    3. Define the following: i. proteins ii. Lipids iii. polymers
    4. How is polystyrene prepared? Give its two uses.
    5. Give the structure of cholesterol.
    6. Write down uses of proteins.
    7. What is saponification number and iodine number?
    8. What are fatty acids? Give examples.
    9. How polymers are classified on the basis of heat effect?

    Chapter 15+16

    Important Short questions
    1. What reaction takes place in decomposition zone during manufacturing of cement?
    2. Which type of woody raw material is used in paper industry?
    3. Write two woody and two non woody raw material for paper pulp manufacture.
    4. What are macro nutrients?
    5. What is role of chlorofluorocarbons in destroying ozone?
    6. How do you compare SN1 and SN2 mechanism?
    7. What is need for fertilizers?
    8. What do you mean by prilling of urea?
    9. What are some commonly used bleaching agents in paper manufacture?
    10. Define clinker? How is it used in manufacturing of Cement.
    11. What is meant by setting of cement?
    12. What is the role of phosphorus in growth of plants?
    13. Give the role/importance of potassium in the growth of plants.
    14. Write names of steps in paper making process.
    15. What do you mean by prilling of urea?

    Using this estimation paper pdf will help you to understand what kind of questions might be asked and how to conduct your paper. This is my guess based on the recent syllabus of class 12th and all the past papers and exams in the last ten years.

    Chemistry Estimation Paper 2024 Class 12th PDF Download

    As a 12th grader, Chemistry is an important and compulsory subject for you. Chemistry science is a practical subject, and that is why it is considered a tough  12th class Chemistry to get high score in exam. This assessment paper is based on the new class 12h Chemistry syllabus.

    Our team has created this assessment paper in PDF format on student interest. 12th class Chemistry paper seems to be easy for any student to pass. You can understand the nature of the paper by reviewing the 12th grade Chemistry estimation paper. We have also uploaded the 12th grade Chemistry matching program. You can download and prepare them to get high score in board exams. The schedule link is given below or you can search on our website. Please let us know if you find any errors.